Vol. 3 No. 11 (2014)

Review

The Relationship Between Language and Culture From Saussure to Bakhtin: “Total Social Fact”

Published 2014-01-20

Cilt 3 Sayı 11 kapak

Öz

Saussure’den Bakhtin’e Dil-Kültür İlişkisi: “Tümü Kapsayıcı Olgu”

Bu makalenin amacı, XX. yüzyılda çok yönlü bir şekilde sürdürülmüş olan tartışmalar bağlamında Saussure’den Bakhtin’e dil-insan-kültür ilişkisine yaklaşımları okuyucuya tanıtmaktır. Makalede birçok çağdaş filozof ve bilim insanının dil hakkındaki görüşlerinin Antropolog Mauss’un “tümü kapsayıcı olgu” kavramlaştırmasına uygunluğu gösterilmeye çalışılmış, dil olgusuna bireysel yaklaşımın önde gelen kuramcısı olan Saussure ise bu bağlamda eleştirel bir bakış açısıyla ele alınmıştır. Sonuç olarak, farklı alanlardan kuramcıların dil olgusunu bireysel olmaktan çok kültürel bir olgu olarak değerlendirmiş oldukları ortaya koyulmuştur. Bu çerçevede, Bakhtin ve Vygotsky’nin bu tartışmaya olan özgün katkıları yeniden değerlendirilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler Dil, kültür, konuşma, diyaloji, Saussure, Vygotsky, Bakhtin

Abstract

The purpose of the article was to introduce the approaches to the relations among language, human and culture, from Saussure to Bakhtin, to the readers within the context of the sophisticatedly sustained debates in the XX. century. In the article, it was sought to indicate that standpoints of numerous modern philosophers and scientists about language suit the conceptualization of “total social fact” of Anthropologist Mauss, and the leading theorist of individualistic approach to the language, Saussure, was reviewed from a critical viewpoint in this regard. In conclusion, it was claimed that theorists from different areas have tackled the language as a cultural phenomenon rather than an individual one. Within this framework, the original contributions of Bakhtin and Vygotsky to the debates were reevaluated.

Keywords Language, culture, speech, dialogic, Saussure, Vygotsky, Bakhtin

PDF (Turkish)

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