Ernst Bloch’un Müziği
Öz
Bu çalışmanın amacı besteci ve müzik eğitimcisi Ernest Bloch’un hayatı, eserleri ve besteciliği hakkında bilgiler sunmaktır. Bu kapsamda nitel bir çalışma olarak tasarlanan bu araştırmada bestecinin yaşamı, stili ve eserleri ile ilgili Türkçe ve İngilizce literatür taramasından elde edilen bilgiler betimsel analiz yapılarak derlenmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda; Ernest Bloch’un İsviçre doğumlu olmasına rağmen sanatçılık hayatının en verimli yıllarını Amerika’da geçirmesinden ötürü bir Amerikan besteci olarak bilindiği, müziğinde Yahudi kültür unsurlarını bilinçli olarak kullandığı ve bir bestecinin kendi köklerinden bağımsız olmaması gerektiğini düşündüğü, besteciliğinin yanında iyi bir müzik eğitimcisi olduğu ve müzik eğitimi konularında makaleleri bulunduğu, müzik stilinde ulusal kimliğinin etkisinin yanında yaşadığı dönem itibariyle betimselliği kullandığı, armonik dil olarak ton kümeleri, dizisel ve modal armoni, armoninin perküsyonlu kullanımı gibi çeşitli stillerden faydalandığı, form stili olarak gelenekselin farkında olarak bağımsız formları kullandığı görülmüştür. Besteci hakkında Türkçe başka kaynağa ulaşılamamasından ötürü bu çalışmanın Ernest Bloch hakkında yapılacak diğer çalışmalara kaynak teşkil edeceği düşünülmektedir.
Anahtar Kelimeler Ernest Bloch, Amerikan besteci, Yahudi besteci, bestecilik stili, Çağdaş Dönem
Abstract
The Music of Ernst Bloch
The aim of this study is to present information about the life, works and composition of composer and music educator Ernest Bloch. In this context, in this research designed as a qualitative study, the information obtained from the literature review in Turkish and English about the composer's life, style and works were compiled by making descriptive analysis. As a result of the research; Although Ernest Bloch was born in Switzerland, he is known as an American composer because he spent the most productive years of his artistic life in America, he consciously used Jewish cultural elements in his music and thought that a composer should not be independent of his own roots, that he was a good music educator besides his composing. It has been seen that he has articles on education, in addition to the influence of his national identity in music style, he uses descriptiveness as a harmonic language, he uses various styles such as tonal sets, serial and modal harmony, the use of harmony with percussion, and he uses independent forms as a form style, being aware of the traditional. It is thought that this study will be a source for other studies about Ernest Bloch, since no other source can be found in Turkish about the composer.
Keywords Ernest Bloch, American composer, Jewish composer, composing style, contemporary period
Kaynakça
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