Industrialization and the subsequent World Wars have had many negative effects on cultural life as well as on individuals. At the beginning of these effects is the alienation of the individual from himself and his environment. The Alienation literally is defined as the alienation of the individual from his own self and the culture in which he lives. Alienation which can also be considered as a problem og adaptation to the changing living conditions of individuals who stray from nature has came to the present day as one of the main problems that modern humans have to deal with. These psychological states, which can be reproduced such as personality disorders, depression, feeling of burnout, individual and mass corruption, are considered among the symptoms of alienation. The reflection of the sense of alienation, which negatively affects societies individually and collectively, to the field of art has also been inevitable. Alienation, sometimes an aggressive reaction, especially in the first quarter of the 20th century and sometimes manifests itself as a melancholic attitude, is one of the prominent concepts in the art movement. Expressionism, which emerges as a reaction to the sociocultural-economic and psychological problems in this context, introversion has an important place in the history of art in terms of making disappointments and rebellion visible. This work; Since the last quarter of the 19th century, the subject is the alienation of people and the society as a result of many reasons such as the changing city life as a result of rapidly developing industry, the establishment of an order that enslaves the people and the wars that followed, and the destruction they brought. It aims to examine the effects of all formations on expressionism and Edward Munch's art.


Keywords: Estrangement, expressionism, Edvard Munch, symbolism