This article examines the political, social, economic, artistic and cultural developments in the Ottoman Empire during the Second Constitutional Monarchy. In general, Ottoman artists did not focus much on social and political issues in their work during this period, but artists such as Osman Hamdi Bey, Prince Abdülmecid Efendi, Fausto Zonaro, Hüseyin Avni Lifij, İbrahim Çallı, and Mehmet Ruhi Arel were not indifferent to the changes experienced. Artists were interested in the cultural, political, economic and social modernization experiences of the Ottoman rulers and society, but they did not depict these issues with a critical approach in their work. The aim of this research is to identify and interpret the reflections of political and socio-cultural developments on works of art during the last years of the reign of Abdülhamid II and the Second Constitutional Monarchy period between 1908 and 1918 when the Committee of Union and Progress was in power. The research is a qualitative study described according to the literature review model. The works of art analyzed in the research are limited to artists and their paintings related to the political, social and cultural developments during Abdülhamid II and the Second Constitutional Monarchy.

Keywords: Ottoman painting, politica, social reflectıons, Second Constitutional Monarchy