Egyptian and Mesopotamian Civilisations are very important in terms of both the history of civilisation and the history of art. In this study, the arts of Egyptian and Mesopotamian Civilisations will be examined comparatively and similarities and differences will be presented. This comparison will be made within the context of architecture, painting, sculpture and small handicrafts. The purpose of the research is to determine whether there are similarities and differences between Egyptian and Mesopotamian art, and if so, how and in which context they appear. Besides, another purpose of the research is to show how environmental, religious and sociological factors are reflected on the artistic understanding of the two civilisations. The research is based on a review of the relevant literature in the field. It was determined that geography and religion were very effective in the formation of the art of these two civilisations that lived in the same era. As a result of the research, it was determined that the guidance of religion was very effective in every field of art in Egyptians. All produced artworks were made in order to ensure the transition of the dead to the other world and to pass to eternal life. Although there were religious productions in Mesopotamia, it was determined that Mesopotamian art was more related to the living world.
Keywords: Egyptian Art, Mesopotamian Art, painting, sculpture, architecture, art history